best psychological facts

Behavioral Theories

Behavioral psychology, also known as behaviorism, is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. Advocated by famous psychologists such as John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner, behavioral theories dominated psychology during the early half of the twentieth century. Today, behavioral techniques are still widely used in therapeutic settings to help clients learn new skills and behaviors.

Cognitive Theories

Cognitive theories of psychology are focused on internal states, such as motivation, problem solving, decision-making, thinking, and attention.

Developmental Theories

Theories of development provide a framework for thinking about human growth, development, and learning. If you have ever wondered about what motivates human thought and behavior, understanding these theories can provide useful insight into individuals and society.

Humanistic Theories

Humanistic psychology theories began to grow in popularity during the 1950s. While earlier theories often focused on abnormal behavior and psychological problems, humanist theories instead emphasized the basic goodness of human beings. Some of the major humanist theorists included Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.

Personality Theories

Personality psychology looks at the patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behavior that make a person unique. Some of the best known theories in psychology are devoted to the subject of personality including the trait theory of personality, the "big 5" theory of personality, and Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.

Social Psychology Theories

Social psychology is focused on helping us understand and explain social behavior. Social theories are generally centered on specific social phenomena, including group behavior, prosocial behavior, social influence, love and much more.

Reasons to Study Theories

In your psychology courses, you may find yourself questioning how necessary it is to learn about different psychology theories, especially those that are considered inaccurate or outdated.

However, all of these theories provide valuable information about the history of psychology, the progression of thought on a particular topic and a deeper understanding of current theories.

By understanding how thinking has progressed, you can get a better idea not only of where psychology has been, but where it might be going in the future.

A Word From Very well

Studying other scientific theories provides a background in what researchers understand about how the natural world works. A solid scientific education can help you make better sense of what researchers mean when they talk about scientific research as well as improving your understanding of how scientific explanations for behavior and other phenomena in the natural world are formed, investigated, and accepted by the scientific community.

While debate continues to rage over hot topics such as climate change and evolution, it is worthwhile to study science and the theories that have emerged from such research, even when what is often revealed might come as a harsh or inconvenient truth. As Carl Sagan once explained, "It is far better to grasp the universe as it really is than to persist in delusion, however satisfying and reassuring."

Much of what we know about human thought and behavior has emerged thanks to various psychology theories. For example, behavioral theories demonstrated how conditioning can be used to learn new information and behaviors.

Some theories have fallen out of favor, while others remain widely accepted, but all have contributed tremendously to our understanding of human thought and behavior. By learning more about these theories, you can gain a deeper and richer understanding of psychology's past, present and future.

The Most Important Facts About Your Car Battery

We debunk some myths and add tips to taking car of this hugely important part in your car.

f you're driving a gas guzzling SUV, electricity remains crucial to driving a car. Thanks to modern-day electric batteries, drivers no longer have to turn an engine over by hand. It now all happens with the turn of a key or a press of a button.

But beyond that initial ignition, the battery continues playing a vital role in all of your vehicle's electric systems, but some myths have circulated about this electric heart pulsating in all our autos. Here's a thorough examination of those myths and some some cold, hard facts to replace them.

Battery Life (and Death)

Getty Dave King

A car battery should last about six years, but like most car parts, that all depends on how you treat it. Multiple discharge/recharge cycles shorten any battery's life and using electronics in the car while the engine is the quickest route to a dead battery. Of course, a battery can maintain a charge while the engine is on, but once it's off electronics draw directly from the battery.

To avoid this recurring auto nightmare, always turn the headlights and interior lights off when you're done driving. Remember that leaving electronics like GPS or cell phones plugged into a car charger can drain the battery, too.

No matter how well you take care of it, eventually your battery will die and you'll need a replacement. Failing batteries usually display obvious symptoms that let you know it's on its way out. Slow cranking on startup indicates that the battery may not be able to provide enough power to fire up the engine, and an illuminated Battery Warning Light on the dashboard is clear indicator it needs attention. If vehicle electronics like remote locks or interior lights randomly stop working, a dying or dead battery could be why.

Also, batteries—alive or dead—are full of chemicals, so do nature a favor and dispose of dead ones properly. Don't just toss it in the trash because chances are your local mobile mechanic or auto supply store can recycle it for you.

Weather Matters

Getty Spencer Platt

Ambient temperature has a significant impact on battery life and performance. Most car batteries use a liquid electrolyte solution to hold a charge, which is affected by hot or cold weather. While it takes extremely low temperatures to freeze a battery, cold reduces the solution's ability to transfer full power (which is why it can be hard to start a car in winter). There's a misconception that buying a battery with a higher CCA (cold cranking amp) rating will remedy this, but since vehicle computers regulate the amperage required for startup, it actually won't make any difference. Use a battery heater instead – it's like a toasty jacket that will keep your battery warm and reliable all winter.

On the flip side, hot weather can cause the battery solution to evaporate, limiting its ability to hold a charge. You may notice a rotten egg smell from the sulfur in the solution if this happens. A common myth is that you can simply refill it with tap water to make up for evaporation, but tap water contains minerals and impurities that can damage battery cells. Use deionized or demineralized water instead, but if you have to do this it's probably a sign that you need a replacement soon. Keeping your car garaged helps the battery cope with temperature extremes so it lasts longer and works more reliably.

Jumpstarting Made Easy

Getty Greg Ceo

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Almost every driver has to deal with a dead battery, and jumpstarting is usually the easiest way to get it recharged. It's a relatively straightforward process, but it's still important to follow these steps exactly.

Here's how it works. First, to jumpstart a car, you will need:

• A set of jumper cables
• Another vehicle with a fully charged battery of the same voltage of the car being jumped
• Rubber work gloves
• Safety goggles

Before jumpstarting your car, read the owner's manual. The process is similar for most cars, but there may be special considerations for your specific vehicle.

1. Park the vehicles close enough that the jumper cables reach each battery.
2. Make sure each vehicle is in Park or Neutral.
3. Turn off the vehicle with the good battery.
4. Turn off or unplug any electronics, including headlights, hazard lights, radios, or cell phone chargers in each vehicle.
5. Open the hood of each vehicle and put on the work gloves and safety goggles.
6. Connect one end of the red (positive) jumper cable to the red positive (+) post of the dead battery.
7. Connect the other end of the red (positive) jumper cable to the red positive (+) post of the charged battery.
8. Connect one end of the black (negative) jumper cable to the black negative (-) post of the charged battery.
9. Connect the other end of the black (negative) jumper cable to an unpainted metal part in the dead car, as far from the battery as the cable will reach. This grounds the circuit and helps prevent sparking.
10. Now you're ready to actually jumpstart the car. Turn on the car with the fully charged battery and let it idle for roughly five to 10 minutes. Revving the engine won't help: jumpstarting draws amps from the good battery, which is unaffected by engine power.
11. Turn off the engine and remove the cables in reverse order, being careful to not let the clamps touch any metal surface.
12. Start the car with the dead battery. If it starts, let it idle for at least 20 minutes, or go on a five-mile drive so the battery can recharge. If it still won't start, repeat the process.

Jumpstarting is one way to get your car started again, but remember that every time a battery is fully discharged its life becomes shorter. If nothing else, the alternator will have to work harder to recharge that drained battery, which reduces fuel economy.

It's Not Always the Battery

Getty Westend61

If your car won't start, a dead battery is the likely culprit. However, there are numerous components that can cause similar symptoms. A faulty starter motor will make a click when you turn the key that sounds similar to a dead battery. If the alternator fails, the battery won't recharge when the engine is on, leading to a no-start condition. Clogged fuel injectors or worn-out spark plugs can be a problem, and corrosion on the battery terminals, which prevents the flow of electricity, is common too. Fortunately, it's easy to clean with a wire brush or steel wool.

With the popularity of all-electric vehicles soaring, there's a good chance your next car will be powered entirely by batteries. But until then, follow these steps to keep your current gas guzzler in shape so that you never have to break out the jumper cables.

popular philosophy

 

  Aristotle, mashed up

The best philosophy? How would one argue for such a thing? Best tout court, for me, for us, for future generations? And how to compare? Do you prefer G.E. Moore’s naivety, or Hume’s scepticism? The astringency of Wittgenstein or the grand architecture of Kant? The deep obscurity of Hegel or the shallow obscurity of Heidegger? Logic or ethics, metaphysics or aesthetics or language? Do you want to open your mind, or impress your girlfriend?

The Best Philosophy Quotes

 

 

 01. Be normal, and the crowd will accept you. Be deranged, and they will make you their leader.
02. Every great man was thought to be insane before he changed the world. Some never changed the world. They were just insane.
03. I don't fail. I succeed at finding what doesn't work.
04. It's always funny until someone gets hurt. Then it's funnier.
05. When in doubt, do it.

THIS IS HOW SUCCESSFUL PEOPLE DO TO REACH THEIR DREAMS

1. They set goals and follow through on them.

It is one thing to set a goal and it’s another thing to achieve that goal. Almost everyone sets goals but only a few possess the guts and discipline to follow through on those goals. At the beginning of every year, we all make resolutions about things we want to start or stop doing. If you look back to the first

10 Important Facts You Need To Know About Being Successful

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1.) Success is relative. Your benchmark for success is different from someone else and will probably change quite a few times. Try to make a note of what your benchmark is (write it down if you must) so you can give yourself the kudos you deserve when you achieve it.

ARE YOU STRESSED??, HERE ARE 20 SOLUTIONS OR WAYS TO HANDLE YOUR STRESS

 

Stress hits us all in life, and while a little stress is good — it keeps us focused and motivated — too 
 much of it and it can grind our lives to a complete halt. When you’re feeling overwhelmed and stressed-out, you may become paralyzed and unable to do much of anything.
Just as bad are unhealthy coping methods to deal with stress. Turning to food, alcohol or drugs often just turns one set of problems into another that can balloon out of control. It’s better to avoid those unhealthy coping mechanisms from the start, and find good ways to keep your stress under control.

There are many ways to tame your stress and keep it at bay. Here are 20 tips to tame your stress today, and keep the stress monsters at bay.

1. Perform diaphragmatic or “deep breathing” exercises.
2. Lie face down on the floor and begin breathing deeply and slowly, with your hands resting under your face. Do this for five minutes.
3. Sit in a reclining chair. Put a hand on your abdomen and a hand on your chest

HERE ARE 37 Inspirational Quotes That Will Change Your Life

 
“Just know, when you truly want success, you’ll never give up on it. No matter how bad the situation may get.” – Unknown
 
“Accept responsibility for your life. Know that it is you who will get you where you want to go, no one else.” – Les Brown
 
“I don’t regret the things I’ve done, I regret the things I didn’t do when I had the chance.” – Unknown
 
“Challenges are what make life interesting and overcoming them is what makes life meaningful.” – Joshua J. Marine
 
“Its hard to wait around for something you know might never happen; but its harder to give up when you know its everything you want.” – Unknown
 
“One of the most important keys to Success is having the discipline to do what you know you should do, even when you dont feel like doing it.” – Unknown
 
“Good things come to those who wait… greater things come to those who get off their ass and do anything to make it happen.” – Unknown
 
“Happiness cannot be traveled to, owned, earned, or worn. It is the spiritual experience of living every minute with love, grace & gratitude.” – Denis Waitley
 
“In order to succeed, your desire for success should be greater than your fear of failure.” – Bill Cosby
 
“Go where you are celebrated – not tolerated. If they can’t see the real value of you, it’s time for a new start.” – Unknown

INTERESTING AND VERY WISE QUOTES OF GEORGE CARLIN A GRAMMY WINNING AMERICAN ACTOR AND AUTHOR

INSPIRATIONAL WORDS WHEN EMPLOYMENT BECOME A PROBLEM TO YOU

 

Id at night worrying about providing for your needs. What if no job ever comes along? This certainly isn't an easy time to be unemployed: with many out of work, jobs are scarce and the economy is unstable. All the while, needs only increase. If your security is in the economy, you're being pulled along an emotional rollercoaster -- with no end in sight. But there is a much better place to put your hope.
Hope in the God who rules over the economy. God made business, government, people, and everything that concerns them. The Bible says, "The earth is the Lord's, and everything in it, the world, and all who live in it" (Psalm 24:1). Imagine letting go of a little branch in a storm and

5 FACTS OF LOVE AND MARRIAGE IN AMERICA

Americans may not be embracing the institution of marriage as they used to, but that doesn’t mean they are giving up on relationships. From online dating, to remarriage, to cohabitation, here are five facts about the state of love and marriage in the U.S.

1Love remains Americans’ top reason to marry. In a 2013 Pew Research Center survey, 88% of Americans cited love as a very important reason to get married, ahead of making a lifelong commitment (81%) and companionship (76%). Fewer (28%) said financial stability was a very important reason to marry.

But while financial stability may not be an important reason to marry, it is an important factor in what people are looking for in a spouse – especially women who have never married but say they want to or are not sure if they want to: 78% say finding a spouse or partner with a steady job would be very important to them. Never-married men, however, have different priorities. While 46% say finding a spouse or partner with a steady job is very important, a larger share (62%) says that finding someone who shares their ideas about raising children is. (Seven-in-ten of their female counterparts say the same.)

DO YOU REAL KNOW THE TWO KEYS TO MARRIAGE

Almost every marriage starts out as a huge celebration. Together with their family and friends, each couple is full of hopes and dreams for their future life together. But the road to a happy marriage is far from easy. And as today’s divorce statistics demonstrate all too well, many couples opt not to complete the journey.
It would be easy to blame our high rate of marital failure on things like not spending enough quality time together, allowing bitterness and resentment to build in our hearts and failing to keep communication lines open. There’s no end to books, articles and seminars that tell you how to improve these and many other aspects of your relationship. But while quality time, forgiveness and communication are vitally important to creating a happy marriage, if such things aren’t happening, it’s usually a sign of a much deeper problem. And until this problem is addressed, no amount of external behavior modification will work.
To get a hint of what this deeper issue might be, let’s take a look at the following Scripture passage:
One of them, an expert in the law, tested him [Jesus] with this question: “Teacher, which is the greatest commandment in the Law?